Understanding the Arizona Legislative Process
How a bill becomes law in Arizona, key timelines, and where advocates can intervene.
2027 Session Timeline
Session convenes. Bill introductions begin. Committee hearings start. Advocates: Begin RTS registrations, schedule legislator meetings.
Committee hearings continue. Bills moving through first committees. Advocates: Testify at hearings, mobilize constituents in key districts.
Bill hearings intensify. Floor debates begin in originating chamber. Advocates: Focus on floor vote persuasion for bills in your chamber.
Critical Deadline: Bills must pass originating chamber by end of month or die. Crossover to second chamber begins. Advocates: All-hands mobilization for crossover bills.
Final votes and budget negotiations. Conference committees resolve differences. Advocates: Target leadership and conference committee members.
Governor review period (5-day regular veto, 10-day after session adjournment). Override requires 2/3 vote. Advocates: Direct advocacy to Governor's office on pending bills.
How a Bill Becomes Law in Arizona
GuideACLU of Arizona breakdown of the nine steps a bill takes to become law at the Arizona Legislature. Includes timeline for January through July and explains when advocates should intervene in the process.
ACLU of ArizonaAZ Legislature 101 Guide (2025)
GuideComprehensive guide to Arizona's legislature including how state government affects daily life, key players, processes, and power structures. Covers calling/writing legislators, social media engagement, letters to the editor, and the Request to Speak system.
ACLU of Arizona (PDF)How to Become a Community Advocate at the Capitol
AdvocacyPractical guide for amplifying voices at the Arizona Capitol. Tips on knowing your district, planning what to say, mentioning bill numbers, telling personal stories, and using the "problem, solution, action" framework.
ACLU of ArizonaArizona Legislature - ASU Law Library Guide
EducationalASU's guide to the Arizona Legislature including how a bill becomes law, the Governor's five-day/ten-day veto timeline, override requirements (2/3 vote), and the initiative/referendum process (10% signature threshold for initiatives, 15% for constitutional amendments). Includes visual flowchart.
ASU Law LibraryBill Writing & Drafting
From concept to statutory language. The technical craft of legislation.
Arizona Legislative Bill Drafting Manual (2025-2026)
OfficialRequired reading for anyone writing Arizona legislation. Covers proper use of present tense, "shall" vs. "may," "that" vs. "which," numbers and dates, section headings, strike-everything amendments, and formatting standards. The definitive authority on Arizona legislative drafting.
Arizona Legislature (PDF)Advocacy: How to Draft Legislation | FAMM
ToolkitPractical guide for advocates on drafting legislation. Key advice: do your research and read similar bills; keep it simple and avoid wordiness; precision counts (courts will interpret every word); have multiple experts review; use NCSL's online drafting manuals for state-specific advice.
FAMM (PDF)Key Principles for Drafting Arizona Legislation
Read similar bills first. Find legislation on related topics in Arizona and other states. Understand what has already been tried and what language courts have interpreted.
Keep it simple. Avoid wordiness and unnecessary complexity. Every word will be read by courts, agencies, and litigants. Clarity prevents unintended consequences.
Precision counts. "Shall" creates mandates; "may" creates permissions. "That" introduces restrictive clauses; "which" introduces non-restrictive ones. See the Bill Drafting Manual.
Have experts review. Before introducing, have attorneys, legislative counsel, and subject-matter experts review the draft. FAMM offers legislative examples upon request.
Advocacy Skills & Persuasion
Frameworks for effective legislative persuasion, grassroots organizing, and coalition building.
Grassroots Toolkit - How a Bill Becomes Law
AdvocacyEffective grassroots advocacy techniques: mention bill number and position in first two sentences; keep communications to one page; explain constituent impact; avoid form letters; time contacts before committee votes for committee members and before floor votes for other representatives.
National Athletic Trainers' Association (PDF)Effective and Persuasive Advocacy in 5 Simple Steps
TrainingFive-step framework for legislative persuasion: (I) Gain Attention, (II) Explain the Need with local statistics, (III) Provide a Solution, (IV) Help Visualize Benefits using legislator-friendly language, (V) Ask for Action. Includes sample letter formats and phone scripts.
NBCC/PARC (PDF)Legislative Advocacy Toolkit - Three Tiered Agenda
ToolkitFramework for developing a legislative/public policy agenda including a "Three Tiered" approach: Tier 1 (actively pursue), Tier 2 (support/oppose as needed), Tier 3 (monitor). Useful for coalition agenda-setting and ensuring all working groups speak with one voice.
National Children's AllianceJustice Action Network - Arizona Priorities & Track Record
State OrgJAN's 2026 Arizona priorities: correctional oversight funding ($1.5M for new independent office, SB 1032); ending driver's license suspensions for unpaid traffic tickets; waiver of remaining court debt after consistent payments; retroactive applicability for reform bills. 25 bills passed in Arizona since 2016.
Justice Action NetworkRequest to Speak (RTS) System
Arizona's remote advocacy platform. How to register, speak at hearings, and amplify your voice.
Getting Started with RTS
You must physically visit the Capitol once to create an RTS account at a kiosk (House, Senate, or Tucson office). After activation, all advocacy can be done remotely.
Log in to RTS to register support or opposition on bills. Leave comments for committee members explaining your position with constituent impact details.
Request to speak at committee hearings. You can testify in person or remotely. The system tracks requests and committee chairs call speakers in order.
Official RTS System Guide
GovernmentOfficial state guide to using the Request to Speak system. Explains the one-time physical activation requirement, how to register opinions, leave comments for committee members, and request to speak at hearings. Critical tool for remote advocacy.
Arizona Legislature (PDF)ACLU RTS Training & Advocacy Guide
TrainingThe ACLU of Arizona provides RTS training and legislative advocacy guides. Covers bill tracking, effective testimony preparation, and coordination strategies for coalition advocates at the Capitol.
ACLU of ArizonaStrategic Planning & Policy Development
Frameworks for coalition planning, CJCC coordination, and developing evidence-based reform agendas.
NCJA Strategic Planning Toolkit
ToolkitComprehensive toolkit for criminal justice strategic planning. Includes resources on behavioral health partnerships, the Sequential Intercept Model, braided funding, Death in Custody Reporting Act compliance, crisis planning, and Byrne JAG strategic planning workshops.
National Criminal Justice AssociationNCJA Center for Justice Planning
GuideGuide to local Criminal Justice Coordinating Councils (CJCCs) and state-local justice coordination. Includes recommendations for data collection, analysis for policy purposes, supporting local coordinating councils, and grant incentives for jurisdictions with planning boards.
NCJANCJA Policy Statements
PolicyPolicy statements covering: prisoner reentry (evidence-based programs, validated risk assessment, continuum of services); racial disparity (research funding, distinguishing system-caused vs. external factors); role of State Administering Agencies; tribal nations and criminal justice; state strategic planning.
NCJAArizona Reform Organizations
State-based allies, legal clinics, and advocacy groups working alongside FAIR Group.
Arizona Justice Project
LegalWorks on innocence claims, unjust sentencing, and post-release support. Successfully advocated for SB 1500 (2025) creating Arizona's first wrongful conviction compensation program (pilot through June 2027). $3 million appropriated. Compensation at 200% of median household income per year incarcerated.
azjusticeproject.orgUniversity of Arizona Innocence Project
ClinicProvides pro bono legal services to convicted individuals with claims of actual innocence. Trains law students in causes of wrongful convictions and innocence litigation. Fills gap where Arizona defendants are not entitled to appointed counsel beyond initial postconviction proceedings.
UA LawJust Communities Arizona
AdvocacyCommunity organization focused on ending mass incarceration in Arizona. Publishes budget analyses, policy critiques, and advocacy materials. Critical of ADCRR spending priorities and infrastructure failures.
justcommunitiesarizona.orgMiddle Ground Prison Reform
EducationLongstanding Arizona prison reform organization providing educational resources on community supervision, parole, truth-in-sentencing, and legislative developments. Maintains extensive FAQ and resource library.
middlegroundprisonreform.orgACLU of Arizona - Smart Justice
AdvocacyActive legislative advocacy at Arizona Capitol. Provides RTS training, legislative process guides, and bill tracking. Key 2025 wins: SB 1507 (independent correctional oversight office), HB 2720 (ended crack-cocaine disparity), SB 1343 (expanded probation courtesy transfers). 2026 priorities include oversight funding, court debt reforms, and Clean Slate expungement.
acluaz.orgFWD.us - Arizona Research
ResearchImmigration and criminal justice reform organization producing state-specific research. Arizona reports on imprisonment crisis, earned release credits, and economic impact. Uses individual-level corrections data cleaned to national standards.
FWD.us